Airbus
Airbus S.To.S., more known simply like Airbus , is a big company paneuropea aeronautical and aerospace. It was created in 2001 in Toulouse, France, as a S.To.S (Society by Actions Simplified, of the French: Société pair Actions Simplifiée). Previously it had been a consortium designated Airbus Industries, that did not commission of the process of manufacture of the aeroplanes, but simply to coordinate the process of design and sale.
History
Origin
In September of 1967, the governments of United Kingdom, Germany and France signed a memorandum of understanding for the development of an aeroplane of 300 squares. This would be the second project conjoint of aeroplane in Europe, after the Concorde. In the following months arose doubts by part of the British and French governments on the feasibility of the project, and it was necessary to modify it so that it could use engines already developed and reduce like this the costs.
In 1969 the British government withdrew his support to the program. Given the participation of Hawker Siddeley, the company selected by the British government (that without his financial support could not continue with him), in the development of the wing, the French and German saw unable to continue in solitary. Finally the British company achieved to follow being a contractor thanks to the German financial support.
The consortium was created in 1970 by the French companies Aerospatiale and German Deutsche Aerospace and European manufacturer of aeroplanes. In 1971 the Spanish company HOUSE (Aeronautical Buildings Anonymous Society) incorporated to the consortium, and in 1979 did it the English British Aerospace. From the beginning the consortium fixed like objective compete with the main manufacturer of aeroplanes of the world, the American company Boeing, that in that period went purchasing an increasingly dominant position in the sector of the civil aviation.
After the fusion of Aèrospatiale, HOUSE and Deutsche Aerospace to create EADS, (European Aeronautic, Defense and Space Company), this last happened to control 80% of Airbus, remaining 20% remaining in hands of BAE Systems PLC (British Aerospace), purchased by EADS recently, so that this controls 100% of the company.
Consolidación
The first model that manufactured the consortium, and that appeared in 1972, was the To300, an aeroplane for routes of half scope, of double corridor, innovative in numerous appearances, as the rationalisation of the compartment of luggages and load by means of containers. The aeroplane was not an immediate success, in a market dominated by the American manufacturers, and only achieved important sales in Europe. This saw aggravated by the Crisis of the oil of 1973, that affected gravely to the airlines, and with this to the list of requests. Airbus Was ready to break, in a moment arrived to have 14 entirely finished aeroplanes without selling expecting in earth by a buyer, after 16 months without any new request. The purchase of several aeroplanes by part of the American Eastern Airlines marked a point of inflection in the sales and the salvation of Airbus. Shortly after Airbus presented the To310, a shorter variant of the previous, since some airlines quejaban that the To300 was very big.
In the years 1980 initiated the manufacture of other variants of the two existent models and, especially, presented the new To320, an aeroplane of a corridor for trayectos short and half, of revolutionary technology. The To320 quickly popularised , obtaining a remarkable success, and compete with the model B737 of Boeing. Also in this case Airbus developed variants, a bigger, the To321, and two smaller, the To319 and To318.
In the decade of the 90 Airbus presented two additional models of double corridor, conceived for routes of long scope, the bimotor To330 and the cuatrimotor To340. His aerodynamic design and the characteristics of his engines turn them into aeroplanes very economic.
In January of 2005, Airbus has presented his new superjumbo To380 with which pretends to compete against the B747 of his American rival Boeing. Treat of the aeroplane of passengers with more squares of the world. With a size of almost 71 x 80 metres and 540 tonnes of maximum weight to the despegue, possesses 2 plants for passage and an inferior cellar of load; it can transport until 800 passengers.
The last model that Airbus is developing is the To350. This model arises in reply to the model B787 of the house Boeing.
Official web: Airbus
