Boeing 747
The Boeing 747, commonly apodado «Jumbo», is a commercial aeroplane transcontinental of fuselaje wide manufactured by Boeing. Known by his impressive size, is between the most recognizable aeroplanes of the world. It realised his first commercial flight in 1970, being the first aeroplane with fuselaje wide.
The four engines turbofan of the 747 are produced by Pratt & Whitney, whose reference JT-9D was inaugurated with the aeroplane and have been used by other aeroplanes of fuselaje wide like Douglas DC-10. His second step in the previous part of the cabin has done of the 747 a highly recognizable icon of the aerial transport. A typical disposal in 3 classes accommodates to 416 passengers, whereas a disposal of 2 classes accommodates a maximum of 524 passengers. The 747-400, the most recent version in service, flies to subsonic speeds of Mach 0,85 (913 kilometres by hour), and offers a radio of intercontinental action of some 13.000 kilometres.
It expected that the 747 were obsolete after some sales of 400 units, but have survived to many of the expectations, and, happened the critics, the production arrived to 1.000 units in 1993. In June of 2007 already had built 1.387 aeroplanes and even there was 120 more under request. The most recent development of this aeroplane, the 747-8, plan incorporate to the service the next 2009, being Lufthansa the client of launching.
History
The Boeing 747 was the «original» Jumbo, able to carry twice more passengers and load that his contemporary. It appears in April of 1966 with a request of 25 aeroplanes for Bread Am. Boeing conceived the prototype after losing a contest to endow to the army of the United States of an aeroplane of load and strategic transport front to the C-5 Galaxy of Lockheed, once that it identified a niche of market for an aeroplane of big capacity.
The 747 is one of the most followed aeroplanes by the public, since the like this call «Reign of the skies» allowed to million people realise international flights. Besides it was the first civil aeroplane of fuselaje wide, the longest and the heaviest, and pioneering in the utilisation of engines turbofan of high relation of derivación, less contaminantes and noisy that the turborreactores conventional.
The prince saudí Al Waleed bin Talal Abdulaziz Al Saud has been the only particular owner of one of these aeroplanes.
Variants
The first edition of the Boeing 747, the 747-100, went out of the chain of montaje of Everett for his first flight the 9 of February of 1969, being certified in December of the same year. The 747-100 goes in in service in January of 1970, by his first client, the Bread American Wold Airlines.
An evolution of the aeroplane, with engines more powerful and main radio of scope, allow that it appear the variant 747-100B. This evolution create at the same time that you launch to production the 747-200, so that only 9 copies of the version 100B were built.
Another variant of the 747-100, the 747-100SR (Short Range – Short Radio) is created for flights very short. With a capacity of 570 passengers in an only class, was created for the market of Japan, where his flights are sobresaturados.
The aeroplanes of the class 100 can visit more than 9.000 km without repostar. The series 100, in version for passengers, can be easily recognizable of the others variants by the upper cover, since only has of three ventanillas in each side. Some 747-100 of passengers found one second life like cargueros.
The lightened 747SP (variant of fuselaje short and long scope of the 747-100); the 747-300, with an upper cover agrandada. The 747-400, model advanced of long scope with engines of 26.900 kg of push, cabin of pilot biplaza with digital instruments, as well as tank of auxiliary fuel and winglets (the small aletas vertical that reduce the resistance induced by eddies in the tips of the wings).
The 14 of November of 2005 Boeing presented the version 747-8i (Intercontinental) with the object to keep competitive in the segment of the aircraft of more than 400 passengers and of transport of commodities after the apparition of the Airbus To380. It is the more advancing and big of the family 747 and can transport a 16% more than passengers that the version 400 (450 seats). The two first commissions of this model were done by the companies Cargolux and Nippon Charge.
Technical data
Envergadura: 59,63 m
Length: 70,66 m
Height: 18,96 m
Speed of crucero (to 11 km): 522 knots
Maximum scope: 13.570 kilometres
